I'm looking to dedicate some practice time to ear training in the near future. I'd classify myself as "advanced beginner" in that regard. I can identify intervals pretty well in isolation, but struggle in musical context. If I sit down at the piano and play along, I can usually figure out most of a song. But I'm pretty slow and can't usually get the details. I want to bump myself up to the next level. How have any of you practiced ear training? Have you found any useful books or software? I'd appreciate any ideas. Thanks!
You should study guitar as well, since so many songs are composed on the instrument. Very often, the details of a song are the way that they are because that's how guitar players learn to play. It's a simplistic example, but the intro guitar riff to "My Girl" is a nothing more than a major pentatonic shape. The guitar player who composed that bit didn't choose those notes out of thin air; rather, he was familiar with the shape and presented it in a musical way.
Also, learning show tunes and musical numbers can stretch your theory knowledge, since there are a lot of modulations, key changes, odd meters, and strange moments.
Learning cadences and chord progressions are vital as well. If you can find the first chord of a pop tune and determine the key, you can usually figure out the rest, based on diatonic chord relationships and common progressions.