A couple things...
I am not familiar enough to know if the Rogers "45" degree bearing edge was what we know as a "double 45" degree bearing edge today. I am not sure the Rogers edge had the back cut or not. Mine are currently in storage, but I will try and get one out and check. I know for a fact that out of the following pieces-(2) 12" toms, (1) 13" tom, (2) 16" toms, (1) 20" bass drum, and (1) 24" bass drum-NONE of them have anything close to a rounded bearing edge. These drums are a mix of Cleveland, Dayton, and Fullerton (pre-1970), so this should be a good answer to your question on rounded edges on Rogers drums.
I am not aware of ever hearing truly negative things about Rogers-even after the CBS buyout, until well into the 70s. Even the cast vs machined Swivo hardware wasn't that bad, and was\is better than a lot of what was being offered at the same time and even after.
I do know that 20" Rogers bass drums-especially and preferably the Cleveland made ones, have a reputation for being one of the best sounding bass drums "ever", and this comes from within and without the Rogers fan club. I happened upon one quite by accident and I concur with this sentiment.
I wouldn't\won't go so far as to claim Rogers to be "superior" to every other drum out there, but I would go so far as to say if you get a Rogers kit in good condition there wouldn't be anything to complain about for a 50+ year old kit.
One last bit of anecdotal bragging before I let someone smarter and more experienced than I take over...
I played a "battle of the bands" my sophomore year of HS (1979). There were about 10 bands in a gym getting set up etc. I was at my Red Onyx Rogers kit (the only Rogers in the gym...) banging away when I looked up and saw about 5-6 guys standing in front of me watching. All I heard was "wtf kit is that man?!" and "those freakin' toms sound awesome!"
I still have that kit and I still relish that brief moment in time when I was able to catch the attention of several (much) better drummers than I just by the sound of those toms....
Like thunder I tell ya...like thunder...lol
ps-lots of good Rogers history here:
http://www.vintagedrumguide.com/rogers_drumsets.html